Sensitivity of Primary Tripsinized Cell Systems EYQ and FEC to the Fowl Pox Virus

Abstract

Viral diseases like fowl pox create serious problems for industrial poultry. Fowl pox is a disease found in poultry worldwide and is caused by viruses of the family Poxviridae and the genus Avipoxvirus. The viruses causing fowl pox are distinct from each other but are antigenically similar. Possible hosts include chickens, turkeys, quail, canaries, pigeons and many other species of birds. It is known that the cultivation of a fowl pox virus in chicken embryo cell cultures is common practice for vaccine production. Many scientists use different local strains of fowl pox virus in attempts to improve the cultural vaccine against chicken fowl pox. The work described below demonstrates the possibility of cultivating and grouting a "Baku" strain of fowl pox virus in a primary cell culture of Japanese quail embryos. It was discovered that the "Baku" bird strain of fowl pox virus has adapted to both cell systems. An increase in the titer of fowl pox virus was observed in both Japanese quail embryo cell culture and in that of chicken fibroblast embryos. It was found that the culture of Japanese quail embryo cells is a more effective tissue culture for vaccine production than chicken embryo cell culture because of its simplicity, economy, absence of extraneous contaminants and its stable biological properties. It was established that a cell culture of Japanese quail embryos is a promising basis for the creation of highly immunogenic specific prophylaxis against avian fowl pox.